SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Genta,P.R.; Marcondes,B.F.; Danzi,N.J.; Lorenzi-Filho,G..

Some studies showed that Asians with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are thinner than Caucasians. Because obesity is a major risk factor for OSA, it was concluded that Asians are predisposed to OSA. However, body fat composition varies for a same body mass index (BMI) according to ethnicity. We firstly compared anthropometric characteristics, symptoms and associated disorders in all consecutive male Japanese descendants and white males with OSA referred for polysomnography. In a second analysis, all Japanese descendants were compared to a subgroup of white males, matched for apnea/hypopnea index and age. In the first analysis, age, symptoms, OSA severity and co-morbidities were similar among Japanese descendants (N = 54) and white patients (N = 466)....

Ethnobotanical, micrographic and pharmacological features of plant-based weight-loss products sold in naturist stores in Mexico City: the need for better quality control

Palavras-chave: Asians; Obesity; Obstructive sleep apnea; Japanese; Ethnicity; Body mass index.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000800015

Acta Botanica

Arenas,Patricia Marta; Molares,Soledad; Aguilar Contreras,Abigail; Doumecq,Belén; Gabrielli,Florencia.

The consumption of dietary supplements and herbal mixtures to promote weight loss is a common practice in the West. This study was undertaken in Mexico City, surveying stores selling "natural products" at subway stations. The aims of this paper were as follows: to compile a record of plant products marketed as slimming aids and of retailer perceptions of these products; to review the pharmacological and ethnobotanical literature on the species declared; and to create an optical micrograph of a subset of products to verify the accuracy of the list of component plant species shown on the labels. We applied the techniques of observation, semi-structured interviews and free-listing at the retail stores. Results are presented for the 75 species recorded in the...

Factors Influencing the Body Mass Index of Adults in Canada

Palavras-chave: Urban ethnobotany; Dietary supplements; Obesity.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062013000300014

Fat Taxes and Health Outcomes: An Investigation of Economic Factors Influencing Obesity in Canada

Cranfield, John A.L..

This paper explores socio-demographic, economic and behaviour factors influencing body mass index (BMI) amongst 20 to 64 year old adults in Canada. BMI scores in Canada have increased, with gains stemming from disproportionate increases in female BMI. Econometric results indicate higher BMI scores for males, those born in Canada, those in food insecure homes and whites. Age-gender interactions suggest different patterns of BMI adjustment over the life of males and females; a pronounced inverse quadratic relationship between with age and male BMI is noted, while female BMI increases with age. Education, used as a gauge of inequality, is inversely related to BMI, while income has a muted effect. BMI is inversely related to level of physical activity, an...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Obesity; BMI; Canada; Socio-demographic; Economic; Adults; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I10; J1.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6837

Cash, Sean B.; Goddard, Ellen W.; Lacanilao, Ryan D..

Tax policy has been proposed as a possible instrument for reducing the incidence of obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases. This has become popularly known as the "fat tax" approach. Also, physical access to energy-dense, nutrition-poor food items has been suggested as a causal factor for rising obesity rates. This project investigates both the role that food price interventions and physical access to “fast food” may play in population levels of obesity.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Health Policy; Fat taxes; Fast food; Food access; Built environment; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Public Economics; I18; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6841

Fat Taxes and Thin Subsidies: Distributional Impacts and Welfare Effects

Salois, Matthew J.; Tiffin, J. Richard.

The extant literature on fat taxes and thin subsidies tends to focus on the overall effectiveness of such fiscal instruments in altering diets and improving health. However, little is known about the welfare impacts of fiscal food policies on society. This paper fills a gap in the literature by assessing the distributional impacts and welfare effects resulting from a tax-subsidy combination on different food groups. Using the methods derived from marginal tax reform theory, a formal welfare economics framework is developed allowing the calculation of the distributional characteristics of various food groups and approximate welfare measures of prices changes caused by a tax-subsidy combination. The distributional characteristics reveal that many of the food...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Distributional characteristic; Fat tax; Obesity; Thin subsidy; Welfare.; Health Economics and Policy; D30; D60; H20; I10; I30..

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91754

Food and Nutrition Assistance Programs and Obesity: 1976-2002

Ver Ploeg, Michele; Mancino, Lisa; Lin, Biing-Hwan.

The Food Stamp Program and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) address poor nutrition among low-income adults, infants, and children in the United States. Higher rates of obesity among the populations these programs serve have led to concern that the programs may, ironically, contribute to the problem. To analyze the relationships between program participation and body weight, the study used cross-sectional data spanning the period 1976-2002. The authors compared participants with nonparticipants subdivided into three income categories: income-eligible for food and nutrition assistance, moderate income, and higher income. Results were most striking for adult women receiving food stamps. The most recent data...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Food and nutrition assistance programs; Food stamps; WIC; Overweight; Obesity; Body Mass Index; Weight trends; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55965

Food Away From Home: How much does it really influence diet quality?

Mancino, Lisa; Todd, Jessica E.; Lin, Biing-Hwan.

This study confirms that eating food away from home (FAFH) adversely affects dietary intake. By looking at changes within individuals’ dietary intake over two days, thus controlling for self-selection issues, we find that FAFH causes increased caloric intake and reduced diet quality. Our estimates on the effect of specific meals show that lunch and dinner consumed away from home have the largest effect on total daily caloric intake, but that breakfast has the largest negative effect on total diet quality. In particular, eating breakfast away from home decreases intake of fruit, whole grains and dairy and increases the percent of calories from saturated fats and solid fats, alcohol and added sugar. Eating lunch and dinner away from home also reduce diet...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Food choice; Obesity; Fixed effects; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49251

Food Environment, Food Store Access, Consumer Behavior, and Diet

Food retail provisioning, dietary behavior and weight outcomes in North Carolina

Ver Ploeg, Michele.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Food Environment; Food Deserts; Obesity; Consumer Behavior; Diet; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I18; R50.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95748

Adu-Nyako, Kofi; Okafor, Ralph.

Aspects of the built environment may be contributing to the upward trend in obesity through constrained availability and affordability of healthful foods. The neighborhood food environment factors such as the availability of food retail stores is increasingly being recognized as playing an important role in health behaviors and health outcomes. We examine the local availability of retail food stores and their influence on the risk of obesity in North Carolina. Data on food stores were linked through county codes to individual data from the BRFSS data and multilevel modeling was employed to assess their associations with BMI. In regressions that included fruit and vegetable servings, and food store types as explanatory variables, our result show that BMI...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Food Environment; Dietary Behavior; Obesity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56474

Food Stamps and Obesity: What Do We Know?

Ver Ploeg, Michele; Ralston, Katherine L..

Results from reviewed studies indicate that for most participants in the Food Stamp Program—children, nonelderly men, and the elderly—use of food stamp benefits does not result in an increase in either Body Mass Index (BMI) or the likelihood of being overweight or obese. However, for nonelderly women, who account for 28 percent of the food stamp caseload, some evidence suggests that participation in the Food Stamp Program may increase BMI and the probability of obesity. Different results for age and sex subgroups remain unexplained. Further, because food stamp benefits are issued to households, not individuals, mixed results across age and sex subgroups make it difficult to target policy alternatives to address potential weight gain among some participants...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program; Obesity; Body Mass Index.; Health Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58640

Genetic association of SNPs in the FTO gene and predisposition to obesity in Malaysian Malays

Apalasamy,Y.D.; Ming,M.F.; Rampal,S.; Bulgiba,A.; Mohamed,Z..

The common variants in the fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) gene have been previously found to be associated with obesity in various adult populations. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) blocks in various regions of the FTO gene are associated with predisposition to obesity in Malaysian Malays. Thirty-one FTO SNPs were genotyped in 587 (158 obese and 429 non-obese) Malaysian Malay subjects. Obesity traits and lipid profiles were measured and single-marker association testing, LD testing, and haplotype association analysis were performed. LD analysis of the FTO SNPs revealed the presence of 57 regions with complete LD (D’ = 1.0). In addition, we...

Genotypic carriers of the obesity-associated FTO polymorphism exhibit different cardiometabolic profiles after an intervention

Palavras-chave: FTO gene; SNP; Obesity; Linkage disequilibrium; Haplotypes.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001200003

Anais da ABC (AABC)

MORAES,GREICE G.; REUTER,CÉZANE P.; RENNER,JANE D.P.; KLINGER,ELISA I.; FERREIRA,MICHELE B.; MELLO,ELZA D. DE; VALIM,ANDRÉIA DE M.; BURGOS,MIRIA S..

ABSTRACT Background: Children and adolescents with at-risk genotypes (AA/AT) of the rs9939609 polymorphism in FTO, a fat mass and obesity-associated gene, may exhibit different cardiometabolic profile responses than subjects with the TT genotype after an interdisciplinary intervention. Methods: The sample consisted of 36 school children from southern Brazil. We used DNA quantitation and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for polymorphism genotyping. We measured anthropometric parameters (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, body fat percentage and skinfold sum), biochemical parameters (glucose, lipid profile, ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate...

Ginsenoside Rg1 inhibits dietary-induced obesity and improves obesity-related glucose metabolic disorders

Palavras-chave: Genotype; Intervention; Obesity; Children; Physical activity.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000602331

Li,Jin-bo; Zhang,Rui; Han,Xiao; Piao,Chun-li.

Obesity and its consequent type 2 diabetes are significant threats to global health. Emerging evidence indicates that ginsenosides from ginseng (Panax ginseng) have anti-diabetic activity. We hypothesized that ginsenosides Rg1 could suppress dietary-induced obesity and improve obesity-related glucose metabolic disorders. Our results showed that ginsenoside Rg1 attenuated dietary-induced body weight gain and fat accumulation in white adipocyte tissue of mice fed a high-fat diet. Furthermore, we found that ginsenosides Rg1 not only decreased fasting glucose concentration and the 2-h postprandial glucose concentration, but also improved insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in those mice. Ginsenoside Rg1 also activated the AMPK pathway in vitro and in...

Glucose and lipid profile of obese dogs fed with different starchy sources

Palavras-chave: Diabetes; Ginsenoside Rg1; Insulin resistance; Body weight; Obesity.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018000400610

Ciência Rural

Feitosa,Mariana Lorenção; Zanini,Surama Freitas; Sousa,Dyeime Ribeiro de; Fantuzzi,Elizabeth; Carraro,Thais Consuelo Loyola; Pinto,Camila Alves; Bertonceli,Raul Monteiro; Colnago,Geraldo Luiz.

ABSTRACT: Among the health disorders caused by obesity in dogs stand out hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Glycemic responses are directly related to the amount and type of starch. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different sources of starch on glycemic and lipid levels in obese dogs. These dogs were distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial 3x2x2 (three sources starchy - corn (60%), sorghum (60%) and corn: sorghum (30:30%), two breeds - Beagle and Dachshund and males and females. After 28 days of experiment, dogs fed with corn had higher amounts of glucose (93.79A mg dL-1) (P<0.05) compared with diets containing sorghum (88.00Bmg dL-1) and corn: sorghum (88.75B mg dL-1) (P>0.05). Thus, dogs that consumed corn had a...

GLUT4 protein expression in obese and lean 12-month-old rats: insights from different types of data analysis

Palavras-chave: Blood glucose; Lipid profile; Obesity; Canine.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016001202189

Seraphim,P.M.; Nunes,M.T.; Machado,U.F..

GLUT4 protein expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) and skeletal muscle (SM) was investigated in 2-month-old, 12-month-old spontaneously obese or 12-month-old calorie-restricted lean Wistar rats, by considering different parameters of analysis, such as tissue and body weight, and total protein yield of the tissue. In WAT, a ~70% decrease was observed in plasma membrane and microsomal GLUT4 protein, expressed as µg protein or g tissue, in both 12-month-old obese and 12-month-old lean rats compared to 2-month-old rats. However, when plasma membrane and microsomal GLUT4 tissue contents were expressed as g body weight, they were the same. In SM, GLUT4 protein content, expressed as µg protein, was similar in 2-month-old and 12-month-old obese rats, whereas...

GRAZING, GOODS AND GIRTH: DETERMINANTS AND EFFECTS

Palavras-chave: Insulin resistance; Obesity; Weight loss; GLUT4 protein.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001001000018

Health in early adulthood: the contribution of the 1978/79 Ribeirão Preto birth cohort

Hamermesh, Daniel S..

Using the 2006-07 American Time Use Survey and its Eating and Health Module, I show that over half of adult Americans report grazing (secondary eating/drinking) on a typical day, with grazing time almost equaling primary eating/drinking time. An economic model predicts that higher wage rates (price of time) will lead to substitution of grazing for primary eating/drinking, especially by raising the number of grazing incidents relative to meals. This prediction is confirmed in these data. Eating meals more frequently is associated with lower BMI and better self-reported health, as is grazing more frequently. Food purchases are positively related to time spent eating—substitution of goods for time is difficult—but are lower when eating time is spread over...

Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper

Palavras-chave: Time use; Food; Obesity; Consumer/Household Economics; Health Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53888

Barbieri,M.A.; Bettiol,H.; Silva,A.A.M.; Cardoso,V.C.; Simões,V.M.F.; Gutierrez,M.R.P.; Castro,J.A.S.; Vianna,E.S.O.; Foss,M.C.; Dos Santos,J.E.; Queiroz,R.G.P..

The increase in non-communicable chronic diseases of adults is due to demographic changes and changes in the risk factors related to physical activity, smoking habits and nutrition. We describe the methodology for the evaluation of persons at 23/25 years of age of a cohort of individuals born in Ribeirão Preto in 1978/79. We present their socioeconomic characteristics and the profile of some risk factors for chronic diseases. A total of 2063 participants were evaluated by means of blood collection, standardized questionnaires, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and methacholine bronchoprovocation tests. The sexes were compared by the chi-square test, with alpha = 0.05. Obesity was similar among men and women (12.8 and 11.1%); overweight was...

High-Intensity Interval Training Beneficial Effects in Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice: Adipose Tissue, Liver Structure, and Pancreatic Islets

Palavras-chave: Non-communicable chronic diseases of adults; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; Arterial hypertension Asthma; Dyslipidemia.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000800007

International Journal of Morphology

Motta,Victor F; Aguila,Marcia B; Mandarim-de-Lacerda,Carlos A.

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on adipose tissue, pancreatic islets and liver in mice fed high-fat diet. C57BL/6 male mice were fed one of two diets: standard chow (Lean group - LE) or a high-fat diet (Obese group OB). After the first 12-weeks, the animals were divided into non-trained (LE-NT and OB-NT), trained groups (LE-T and OB-T), and started the exercise protocol. The HIIT protocol in the trained animals (LE-T and OB-T) compared to their counterparts (LE-NT and OB-NT) led to a reduction in size of the pancreatic islets (LE-T vs. LE-NT -40 %, OB-T vs. OB-NT -22 %) and to an increase in insulin immunodensity in pancreatic islet (LE-T vs. LE-NT +35 %, OB-T vs. OB-NT +31 %). Apart from the above...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: HIIT; Obesity; Insulin Resistance; Hepatic Steatosis; Stereology.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000200042

Household Fast Food Expenditures and Children's Television Viewing: Can They Really Significantly Influence Children's Dietary Quality?

You, Wen; Nayga, Rodolfo M., Jr..

Previous studies have found a strong relationship between food-away-from-home expenditures and television viewing, and children's diet. This study revisits this issue by examining the impact of household fast food expenditures and children's television viewing on children's dietary quality. Results indicate that both factors have statistically significant and negative effects. However, the elasticities of children's diet quality with respect to both factors are quite inelastic. Results also suggest that the effects of these two factors differ between children younger than 11 years old and children at least 11 years old. Relevant policy implications are discussed.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Children's diet and health; Fast food expenditures; Healthy eating index; Obesity; Television viewing; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31218

IGF2, LEPR, POMC, PPARG, and PPARGC1 gene variants are associated with obesity-related risk phenotypes in Brazilian children and adolescents

Queiroz,E.M.; Cândido,A.P.C.; Castro,I.M.; Bastos,A.Q.A.; Machado-Coelho,G.L.L.; Freitas,R.N..

Association studies of genetic variants and obesity and/or obesity-related risk factors have yielded contradictory results. The aim of the present study was to determine the possible association of five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the IGF2, LEPR, POMC, PPARG, and PPARGC1 genes with obesity or obesity-related risk phenotypes. This case-control study assessed overweight (n=192) and normal-weight (n=211) children and adolescents. The SNPs were analyzed using minisequencing assays, and variables and genotype distributions between the groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance and Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and gender was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs)...